Functions Of A Human Resource Management Essay - 2160 Words

Abstract In this weeks discussion this paper will be researching and identifying the six main functions of a Human Resource Management (HRM) department, or simply just HR, and some changes they have went through over the years. Historically evolved from personnel and became human resources to meet the ever more complex rules, laws, and regulations that has developed over the years. HR is looked at as a system devised for the management of people inside an organization or business. Human Resource Management (HRM) includes a variety of task such as conducting job analyses, planning personnel needs, recruiting the right people for the job, orienting and doing the training, managing payroll, and providing benefits and incentives, evaluating performance, resolving disputes, and communicating with all employees at all levels. Basically its the part of the business that focuses on the activities relating to their employees and taking care of them. Essentially its purpose is to maximize the productivity of the business by optimizing the effectiveness of its employees. This essay will include research from the internet, EBSCOhost, and course materials to better assist the readers in understanding the six main functions that HRM do in order to help make sure the business is a success and profitable. The discussion will further go into the when it came about and how the human resources department got its name and the different roles it has gained in the business over the years.Show MoreRelatedFunctions Of Human Resource Management1632 Words   |  7 Pages Primary function human resource management can divide into primary and secondary function primary function is directly involved with obtaining, maintaining and developing employee. Primary function included human resource planning, equal employment opportunity, staffing, recruitment, and selection. Compensation and benefit, employee, labor relation health, safety and security and human resource development. Secondary function included organization, job design, performance appraisal system, andRead MoreThe Human Resource Function Of Management1447 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Management of human resources is a very dynamic concept whose excision requires a delicate touch. Human resource refers to the mass of staff within an organization. It is from the synergistic effect of these members that the organization is able to formulate a vision, develop strategies and implement them towards the realization of this vision. A consistent approach towards the management of this resource is therefore a very critical asset for an organization. Generally, the human resource functionRead MoreThe Human Resource Management Function Essay1228 Words   |  5 Pagesshrinking the cultural and physical borders between countries for trade through the relaxed legal framework. Due to the increasing globalization the multi-national companies have to face new challenges to work efficiently across the borders. Human resource management function has to be reshaped to operate in new countries. Despite all the advantages of adopting the parent companies’ familiar practices, it does not prove to be effective in all countries (Brewster Mayrhofer, 2015). There is a significantRead MoreThe Functions Of Human Resources Management3354 Words   |  14 Pagesdepartment and fully understand the functions and requirements of HR within the current economic climate as well as the importance in relation to the labour market. Introduction Within this report it will examine the functions of Human Resources Management (HRM) within CJ Hotels and its importance during the current economic climate. In addition need to first look at what HRM actually is and what it means, according to Torrington et al, (2009) HRM means â€Å"Human resource management is a strategic, integratedRead MoreFunctions of Human Resource Management3887 Words   |  15 PagesHuman resource management Introduction Human resource management (HRM) incorporates various functions. The primary function of HRM is to increase the effectiveness and contribution of employees in the attainment of the goals and objectives of the organization. There are many areas in which HRM can be applied to help in this primary function. These areas will be discussed in detail in this paper as well as how they relate to HRM and how they work together to help in the achievement of the primaryRead MoreThe Functions Of Human Resources Management3354 Words   |  14 Pagesdepartment and fully understand the functions and requirements of HR within the current economic climate as well as the importance in relation to the labour market. Introduction Within this report it will examine the functions of Human Resources Management (HRM) within CJ Hotels and its importance during the current economic climate. In addition need to first look at what HRM actually is and what it means, according to Torrington et al, (2009) HRM means â€Å"Human resource management is a strategic, integratedRead MoreHuman Resource Management Functions Of The Company1635 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Resource Management Function Based on Bandag’s size, it is important for the company to look closely at the human resource functions of the company. Currently, Jim’s executive assistant handles the day-to-day human resource management. It is important to first ask if Jim’s executive assistant has the expertise to deal with the day-to-day human resource tasks or is this an additional burden on the assistant. It may appear as a burden due to the many problems the company is experiencing. Read MoreThe Key Functions Of The Human Resource Management895 Words   |  4 Pages The three key functions of the human resource management (HR) department that support the health care field the most are: motivating healthcare employees, demographic and diversity trends, and information systems in the field. (ncbi.nlm.nih) If an organization is unable to provide a work environment that motivates its staff to perform to their maximum potential, staff will gravitate to another organization. Healthcare organizations must value their staff by providing professional training opportunitiesRead MoreHuman Resource Management : An Essential Function1265 Words   |  6 PagesHuman resource management is an essential function in organizations dedicated to improve or maximize the performance of the labor force of the whole organization or to support a company’s strategy in achieving its target goals such as profitability. HRM is fundamentally concerned with the development and management of the employee within corporation. HR missions are fulfilled by trained profes sionals and HRM is usually referred as â€Å"involving people practices† (Noe et al., 2015) since an entire functionalRead MoreKey Functions Of Human Resource Management Essay2433 Words   |  10 PagesINTRODUCTION Human Resource Management is an essential function of any organization which is designed to meet a firm s objectives and strategies towards achieving it s goals. Human Resource Management is concerned with people management and lays down a framework of policies and guidelines within which the management of people is administered. To understand this business function more closely, we have been assigned with a group task to research and understand the functions and application of human resource

Liberty, And The Pursuit Of Happiness - 2015 Words

Equality as a Running Theme in American Thinking American philosophy is littered with differences in opinion, on matters of knowledge, our purposes as humans, and the ways we perceive the world around us. As I examine the works of thinkers like the enlightenment-driven Jefferson, the transcendentalists Emerson and Thoreau, and racially thinking philosophers like DuBois and Douglas, it becomes clear that an important basis of some of our greatest thought in America is the notion that all humans are created equal. Thomas Jefferson, as well as other American enlightenment thinkers at the time, held the belief that â€Å"all Men are created equal, that they are endowed, by their CREATOR, with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness.† (US, 1776) This line from the Declaration of Independence does not make a distinction between any groups of people – it specifies that ALL men have access to these unalienable rights, which p roves to be in conflict with the system of enslavement prevalent in America at the time. Jefferson, like Benjamin Franklin, also subscribed to the religious principles of Deism, a faith that believes God created the earth and then stepped back, leaving humans with the ability to think rationally. This was an extremely progressive belief at the time, because it gave followers the freedom to think for themselves about what they thought was logical. It also established a controversial way of thinking – that anyShow MoreRelatedThe Liberty And The Pursuit Of Happiness1065 Words   |  5 PagesThe Declaration of Independence declares that human beings have certain unalienable rights, â€Å"that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.† Through slavery, these rights were systematically denied to a select class of people. George Santayana (1905) commented that, â€Å"those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it.† Although abortion is legal in this country, the debate on whether it should be or not is far from settled. In November of 2014, Colorado Amendment 67 (TheRead MoreThe, Liberty And The Pursuit Of Happiness1679 Words   |  7 Pageshold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. These words represent the ideals of our country, but at the time that they were written, life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness were withheld from many members of american society. Racism, the belief that the physical appearance of a person or group determines their capabilities and that oneRead MoreThe, Liberty, And The Pursuit Of Happiness1999 Words   |  8 Pages​â€Å"Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness† are the ideals the United States was founded on. This means that everyone has a right to live and do what makes them happy. They are able t o do this without fear of punishment, retaliation, or persecution. However, some countries throughout history, believed that this was not the correct way for their people to live. They felt that the government should have absolute control over everything the people did. In light of this, such a country may be ledRead MoreThe On Liberty And The Pursuit Of Happiness1467 Words   |  6 Pages In the United States, we really put an emphasis on liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It is one of our founding principles; however, in some areas, we seem to want to limit that. For example, in our education system, our society has been arguing for quite some time about whether or not there should be options or whether everyone should be required to attend the standard brick-and-mortar public schools. While those schools serve a critical purpose in our society, that does not mean that otherRead MoreThe, Liberty, And The Pursuit Of Happiness1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe words â€Å"†¦ that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.† are the building blocks that gave rise to one of the greatest countries, the United States of America. Without the help of influential leaders, such as Thomas Paine and his thought provoking writing Common Sense, this country’s independence would have ceased to exist. In April of 1775 the war began which would beRead MoreLiberty And The Pursuit Of Happiness2764 Words   |  12 PagesAccording to the Declaration of Independence, one of the documents on which our country bases its government on, â€Å"all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.† So is there a reason, or cause that someone could lose these God given rights? What would bring about the stripping of a citizens birthright of the enumerated freedoms, laid out by the United States Constitution? Perhaps a violationRead MoreLife, Liberty And The Pursuit Of Happiness789 Words   |  4 Pagesshould declare the causes which impel them to the separation. We reaffirm today these truths to self-evident, that all people are created equal, that they are endowed by creation with certain unalienable Rights that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. - That these rights are secured by Governments instituted among Men and deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, - And when Government has become destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alterRead MoreLife, Liberty, And The Pursuit Of Happiness902 Words   |  4 PagesAs a citizen of the United States, you are entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. This is a VIRTUE that everyone embarks on; however, what if you were told you were doing it wrong? Aristotle begins his STORY stating that â€Å"EVERY art and every inquiry, and similarly every action and pursuit, is thought to aim at some good; and for this reason the good has rightly been declared to be that at which all things aim.† He goes on to say then, becaus e these ends at which we aim are onlyRead MoreLife, Liberty, The Pursuit Of Happiness1852 Words   |  8 Pages Life, liberty, the pursuit of happiness; this is one prime reasons why America is so great. Very few places can you go and get what America has to offer. ‘Of, relating to, or characteristic of the United States or its inhabitants†, this is the definition of ‘American’ according to Google. Why is this ‘relevant’, you might ask? Lets take a look back, Apollo 13 and Argo films showed just what its like to represent America, and embodied what the American dream is made of, and what it is like to comeRead MoreWomen, Liberty And The Pursuit Of Happiness Essay1197 Words   |  5 PagesWe hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.† Despite our founding stating that all men are created equal, the course of history has proven otherwise. Throughout the 19th and 20th century, reforms were m ade, but the lack of equality still remained unresolved. Today the conquest for racial equality and reform still remains a prevalent

Document Categorization in Legal Electronic †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Document Categorization in Legal Electronic. Answer: Introduction An interplay of humans and computers, Technology Assisted Review (hereafter, TAR) in the management of commercial litigation, is viewed as an empowering, modern, cost-effective and efficient alternative to the exhaustive manual and time-consuming manual review of legal documents[1]. This paper is contextualised with an understanding of what TAR is in order to critically examine the benefits and effectiveness and weighs them against the limitations that the technology presents. The decision judgment handed down by Vickery J in the case of McConnell Dowell Constructors (Aust) Pty Ltd v. Santam Ltd Ors (No 1) [2016] VSC 734 (McConnell) is considered amongst a number of cases and incidents that TAR was utilised. It will be critically discussed and argued that the benefits that flow from the use of TAR in civil litigation do outweigh the problems that will be identified in this regard and superior results are accomplished through the use of the technology. TAR in the management of commercial litigation TAR extensively relies on computers for purposes of carrying out an electronic review of documents. It relies extensively on predictive coding. This is a type of coding technique that automatically makes predictions based on the needs of a researcher.[2] TAR has been recognised as a process of document discovery, whereby it is possible for a human to look to interact with a computer program with the intention of then locating documents that are relevant to a particular case.[3] TAR takes the input from humans regarding documents that are labelled relevant or non-relevant and draws deductions vis-a-vis other similar documents. The computer software will finally order the number of documents chosen for review by relevance so as to then be able to guide the process of review. The Courts opinion in McConnell Dowell Constructors (Aust) Pty Ltd v. Santam Ltd Ors (No 1) [2016] VSC 734 Justice Vickery's decision in the case of McConnell could be said to reflect a growing trend by international jurisdictions to use TAR to simplify the document discovery process in cases of civil litigation. His Honour endorsed the idea of using predictive coding in the discovery process. In the view of Justice Vickery, arbitration normally involves issues pertaining to the implementation of a contract. Therefore, use of technology to de-duplicate will help in the reduction of about 4 million documents to be read, to about 1.4 million. This is an aspect that was identified in the Irish Bank case[4]. In the view of the High Court, TAR is an accurate method of identifying documents. Consequently, Justice Vickery recognised that the time and expense involved with using traditional methods to review this kind of material would be prohibitive. As a result, there was a need to look to use TAR to reduce the volume of material to be reviewed to a far more workable number of documents in the thousands. The Supreme Court's decision in this case is significant because it was the first in Australia to order TAR's use to reduce the time and effort otherwise typically involved with discovering documents in cases of civil litigation (see Vickery, 2015 and Warren, 2015 see also Money Max Int Pty Limited (Trustee) v. QBE Insurance Group Limited [2016] FCAFC 148). In so doing, the decision of the Court in this case in Australia followed several other major western jurisdictions, including the UK[5], the Republic of Ireland[6] and the United States of America[7]. The decision in this case, arose after a number of Practice Notes which endorsed the use of electronic technology for purposes of ensuring that civil litigation is effective. A good example is Practice Note SC Gen 5, which recognised the use of technology in matters of civil litigation. From this Practice Note, it was observed that technology plays an important role in modern communication, and a large number of communication processes are now carried out through the use of technological tools, and this includes the storage of communication documents (Supreme Court of Victoria, 2017). Consequently, this Practice Note looked to expressly encourage the use of electronic documentation in civil litigation so that the use of hard copy' will be the exception that needs to be justified (Supreme Court of Victoria, 2017). This is because, in the large cases in particular, it is believed that TAR will usually be an accepted method for completing document discovery in civil litigation that a court may order regardless of whether the parties involved actually consented to it (Supreme Court of Victoria, 2017 see also Federal Court of Australia, 2016). Benefits of using TAR in civil litigation Due to the extensive development of Australia as a commercial hub, the courts and practitioners have a number of opportunities,[8] so the legal system must operate in an efficient way to cater for the needs of individuals and businesses. The benefits considered in regards to TAR's use in cases of civil litigation include significant time and cost savings.[9] It has been found that the amount of data to be reviewed in litigation is significantly increasing on an annual basis meaning that there is a need to look beyond the traditional review process to reduce both the time and costs involved for the end client. It was also discovered that cases that have used analytics went through four times as many documents as those cases not utilising the technology.[10] It is understood that TAR's use may serve to significantly reduce how many documents need to be reviewed in a particular case. This means that it is easier to efficiently and quickly review legal documents that are useful to a particular case[11]. This in turn helps the courts to implement the provisions contained in section 56(1) of the Civil Procedure Act. This section requires the courts to facilitate a quick and fast resolution of disputes. Note that, predictive coding helps to identify the most relevant documents to use in litigation, and avoids an overlap of documentations, a process that is also known as Jaccard index. This is an index where independent assessors are able to identify a number of documents as relevant.[12] Note that, when there is an overlap between the independent assessors, chances of a delay occurring are high, and this may be expensive to the litigants, thus frustrating the intentions of using TAR. Moreover, this can affect the accuracy of getting the most needed documents for review. Additionally, concept clustering, where technology clusters similar types of documents together and disregards irrelevant clusters of documents can aid in achieving the overarching purpose. Outstandingly, despite the fact that the use of TAR can increase the speed with which the document discovery process in completed, nothing is lost in terms of accuracy when it comes to those documents that are relevant in a specific instance (as long as the process has been appropriately set up). This is given to the fact that unlike a human assessor that could potentially suffer review fatigue, TAR does not experience such weaknesses and chances of it being consistent and reliable are high. Additionally, lawyers who use the TAR system can benefit from the conceptual searches that TAR allows. It will enable them to get relevant documents that can enable them understand the concepts of the case they are handling. TAR can create greater uniformity between courts as well as ensure public confidence in the legal system, as it will seek to reduce waste of public resources arising from adjournments and settlements in situations where parties simply cannot afford trial. Technology assisted review has the capability of helping marginalized litigants to ensure that they are able to have an access to justice. There are a number of ways that TAR assists marginalized litigants. One such was is the capability of TAR to save legal costs. Because TAR uses technology, it is easier for litigants to have an access to a number of legal information that are relevant to litigants, and this is because they are generated electronically. This saves time and costs of accessing legal aide, since, it avoids the use of human reviews for purposes of having an access to documents that can help in a litigants case. Human reviewers normally charge a high price for their services; thus, TAR assists in eliminating them. Note that, there are a variety of ways that marginalized litigants can use TAR to assist them in their legal cases. Nonetheless, TAR uses an algorithm that searches through a large amount of data, for purposes of getting relevant information that can be useful in building a case or defending oneself. It is very fast and more accurate than the use of a manual review. On this basis, TAR helps in saving time, which can be used to focus on other areas that are of interest to a marginalized litigant. TAR and Reduction of Business Legal Costs TAR is very useful in reducing the legal costs of business organizations. For instance, the application of TAR begins with the review of an expert, who has extensive knowledge of the case that the business organization is facing. The expert will then code the documents and come up with an algorithm which will enable the business organization to have an access to thousands of data that can help in their case. This process is very efficient, and has the capability of saving up to 80% of the legal costs associated with business litigation. Therefore, the capability of a business organization to have an access to millions of data, through the use of technology is the main reason that TAR helps in reduction of business legal costs. Moreover, the reduction of business legal costs cannot create an increase in litigation cases, because it is cheaper. This is because it will help to reduce conflicts that may lead to litigation, because of the ease in which people will have an access to justice. Problems of using TAR in civil litigation Problems associated with TAR's use in cases of civil litigation include the fact that its use needs to fulfil the standard of reasonableness that is associated with discovery's production of documents to produce viable results. [13] The use of TAR is also somewhat flawed because it is only as reliable and reasonable as the human element involved so that the costs and time taken could be significantly increased.[14] In addition, although the TAR process may be quicker than more traditional review processes, estimating the number of training rounds TAR requires producing viable results and/or lower the document count in a particular case.[15] TAR also has limitations regarding the type of documents it can review and analyse. It cannot be used for some old hard copy documents or data sets, including drawings or spreadsheets.[16] This may appear due to the fact that the copy is too poor or theoretically void for the system to be trained reliably. Finally, there is a need for senior lawyers to review the results that are generated. This is because, unlike a linear review that may be able to rely solely upon junior lawyers, TAR's use needs documents to be reviewed by an expert in the field with the particular law firm in question (i.e., the senior lawyer).[17] This final step in using TAR may appear problematic for senior lawyers since it may be necessary for them to allocate further time to evaluate the results generated in a given case. Another problem that may arise out of the use of TAR is the notion that a large percentage of documents may be left unreviewed. This is because TAR prioritizes a review, based on a certain algorithm, and this may result to ignoring a large percentage of documents, that may be useful to the litigant. Conclusion Whilst it is clear that there are a number of particular benefits that are associated with the use of TAR in cases of civil litigation involving significant numbers of documents, there are also a number of notable disadvantages that are associated with the use of TAR that could impact upon the effectiveness of the process. However, it must be noted that a number of Australian and International judges have made positive extra-judicial comments about the technology and a number of organisations have publicly expressed enthusiasm for predictive coding in regulatory matters. Vickery is also noted in a leading case of VICBAR CPD as denoting that an important factor that a modern day judge should consider is reducing the time of hearing a case, and eliminating delays[18]. It has also been proven through facts and statistics that TAR is efficient and does not prolong the process of examining documents. With the proper training and legal knowledge, human judgment, strong judicial management, technological literacy and open mindedness, TAR can help in eliminating delays and save money during the process of legal litigation. Given that TAR's use has been recognised as being efficient, cost effective, and able to produce just results and be fair to litigants through its consistency, responsiveness and timeliness, the fact that it is still reliant on a human element should not rule out TAR's use to aid the achievement of justice in a given case. Moreover, future research and work on the use of TAR should address issues such as how technology can help in improving the manual review of legal documents[19]. References Civil Procedure Act 2005 (NSW) Uniform Civil Procedure Rules 2005 (NSW) Federal Court of Australia (2016) Practice Note Technology and the Court Practice Note, 25 October. Da Silva Moore v. Publicis Groupe et al(2012) 287 F.R.D 182 Irish Bank Resolution Corporation Limited Ors v. Sean Quinn Ors [2015] IEHC 175. Butterfield, W. P., Crowley, C. R. and Kenney, J. Reality Bites: Why TAR's Promises Have Yet to be Fulfilled (DESI V: Workshop on Standards for Using Predictive Coding, Machine Learning and Other Advance Search and Review Methods) Cormack, Gordon and Maura Grossman, Engineering Quality and Reliability in Technology Assisted Review (2016). Douglas, Oard et al., Evaluation of information retrieval for E-discovery (2010), 347 (365), ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LAW 347 Herbert L. Roitblat et al., Document Categorization in Legal Electronic Discovery: Computer Classification vs. Manual Review, 61 J. AM. SOCY. FOR INFO. SCI. AND TECH. 70, 70 (2010). Paskach, Chrstopher, Eli Nelson and Mathew Schwab, The Case for Technology Assisted Review and Statistical Sampling in Discovery Position Paper for DESI VI Workshop (2015). Technology and the Law Committee (2017) Technology Assisted Review (Law Tech Essentials, Law Institute of Victoria, June) John Tredennick, TAR for Smart People: How Technology Assisted Review Works and Why It Matters for Legal Professionals Catalyst (2015). Marilyn, Warren, A vital commercial hub in the Asia Pacific region: Victoria a commercial hub (2015).

Lord of the Flies How Jack Represents the Id free essay sample

Jack starts off as leader for the choir boys until Ralph is voted chief which Jack is upset due to his ambition for power. These are reasons why jack can be seens as the id in Lord of the Flies. Jack is more focused on survival more than being rescued and he does whatever he pleases. For instance, when Jack left to go hunting, the signal fire was left to go out which lead to the passing ship, a potential rescue failing. Jack tries to turn the boys against Ralph by questioning Ralphs leadership. Jack disobeys the rules by speaking without the conch and makes a scene, â€Å"And you shut up! Who are you, anyway? Sitting there telling people what to do. You can’t hunt, you can’t sing I’m chief. I was chosen. Why should choosing make any difference? Just giving orders that don’t make any sense Piggy’s got the conch (Golding 152). We will write a custom essay sample on Lord of the Flies: How Jack Represents the Id or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another proof Jack is the id in Lord of the Flies is because he shows no empathy for others, such as piggy. Jack decides to take Piggys glasses because he wants fire even though Ralphs group would have shared their fire. â€Å"That was Jack and his hunters, said Ralph bitterly. Why can’t they leave us alone? The chief led then, trotting steadily, exulting in his achievement. He was a chief now in truth, and he made stabbing motions with his spear. From his left hand dangled Piggy’s broken glasses (Shakespeare 938). Therefor, this is evidence that proves jack is the id in Lord of the Flies.The character that represents ego in Lord of the Flies is Ralph. Ralph is initially a good leader by establishing the authority of the conch. There are many ways you can see Ralph is the ego and being stuck between jack as the id and piggy as the superego is one. Early in the book, Ralph is showing a representation of ego by doing the responsible thing and standing up to Jack when he lets the signal fire go. This in direct quote proves Ralph thinks sensible in situations. Therefore, Ralph is to be seen as the Ego.